Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System | Class 12 Political Science Notes Following the attainment of independence, the influence of Jawaharlal Nehru and the Indian National Congress remained dominant in Indian politics for nearly two decades. Political scholars have termed this period the "Congress System," as the Congress held political supremacy both at the Centre and in the majority of the states. India's political situation after 1964 With the passing of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru on May 27, 1964, an important chapter in Indian politics came to an end. Under his leadership for nearly 17 years, the country strengthened its democratic institutions and set a course for development. The pace of economic development was relatively slow. Food grain production was insufficient. Agriculture was affected by persistent drought conditions. Inflation was on the rise. Unemployment and poverty remained major problems. Differences regarding leadership began to em...